Founding Black Magazines

Assignment:
Read the biography on John H. Johnson. This link contains several articles, just read the first one (about 3 pages), it ends at the first listing of sources. Also read a shorter article on the newspaper created by Marcus Garvey for the UNIA (United Negro Improvement Association).

After reading the article think about the following:
1) Why did these men create publications for African people?
2) Was their purpose in creating the publications the same?
3) Certainly each paper's audience was Africans, but was there a difference?
4) What were some of the struggles that Johnson faced in creating his magazines? (Think of trying to convince white-owned companies to pay for advertisements or creating ways to get the newspaper out, called distribution)
5) Why do you think Johnson was able to create such long term success?